Noah Jameson PhD The concept of calorie counting, now ubiquitous in health and fitness, is a relatively recent phenomenon. Dr. Conor Heffernan explores the intriguing history of this much-maligned unit of measurement, shedding light on its origins, popularization, and eventual adoption by bodybuilders.
Who Invented the Calorie?
Contrary to some beliefs, the term “calorie” finds its roots in the lectures of French physicist Nicholas Clément between 1819 and 1824. By the 1860s, it entered the English language, and its American introduction was led by Edward Atkinson in 1886. However, it was Professor Wilbur O. Atwater who, in the 1890s, extensively studied over 500 foods, propelling the calorie into the limelight as a means of maintaining one’s weight.
Who Popularized Calorie Counting?
In the early 20th century, the promotion of dietary restrictions based on calorie content gained momentum. Driven by the work of individuals like Edward Atkinson and Wilbur O. Atwater, the idea of calorie counting became more prominent. However, it wasn’t until 1918 that American physician Lulu Hunt Peters revolutionized dieting with her bestselling book, ‘Diet & Health: With Key to the Calories.’ Peters simplified the complex concept of calories, making it accessible to the masses and offering effective advice for weight loss.
When, How, and Why Did Bodybuilders Take Up Calorie Counting?
Despite calorie counting gaining traction in the 1910s, bodybuilders embraced it relatively late. Pioneers like Eugen Sandow and George Hackenschmidt focused on natural, unprocessed foods, and even in the 1970s, legends like Arnold Schwarzenegger operated without counting calories. However, a shift occurred in the 1980s when bodybuilders like Rich Gaspari and Lee Labrada meticulously calculated their caloric intake to achieve remarkable leanness. Gaspari’s shredded glutes at the 1986 IFBB Pro World contests set a new standard, changing the face of bodybuilding and establishing calorie counting as a prevalent practice among competitors.
Conclusion
The journey of calorie counting, from a term introduced by a French physicist to a pivotal element in bodybuilding diets, reflects the evolving landscape of health and fitness. Dr. Conor Heffernan emphasizes the historical significance of calorie counting, highlighting its role in shaping dietary practices and achieving desired physiques in the realm of bodybuilding.
